Tuesday, April 24, 2007

THE FEARLESS VAMPIRE KILLERS


March, 1968 ad for Polanski's THE FEARLESS VAMPIRE KILLERS (1967) listing all the North Carolina dates for the movie, notably the New Forest in Raleigh and Durham's Starlite Drive-in.

Monday, April 23, 2007

FAREWELL SCARLET / EXECUTIVE CHOICE


X-rated double-feature at the Colony Art from January, 1976. FAREWELL SCARLET (1975) starred Terri Hall and Kim Pope; can't find any info on EXECUTIVE CHOICE.

Sunday, April 22, 2007

FANNY HILL MEETS DR. EROTICO, etc.


The enticing ad for Barry Mahon's FANNY HILL MEETS DR. EROTICO (1967) makes it that much more painful that a print has yet to resurface. Rounding out this March, 1968 triple-feature at Guilderland, NY's Carman Drive-in are the UK actioner MOZAMBIQUE (1965, yet to make DVD) and NAUGHTY GIRLS, which I'm assuming is a retitling of Barry Mahon's NAUGHTY NUDES (1965, on VHS from Something Weird).

Friday, April 20, 2007

FANNY HILL / ANYONE CAN PLAY


These days, Proctor's in Schenectady hosts family-friendly Broadway touring shows (and even censored The Full Monty, the only theater on the tour to do so), but back in January, 1970 they screened fare of a more adult nature. This FANNY HILL was the Swedish 1968 version, with Diana Kjær in the title role; ANYONE CAN PLAY (1968) was the Paramount release of the French/Italian comeday Le Dolci signore (1968). Neither title has made it to DVD.

Thursday, April 19, 2007

THE ONE AND ONLY, GENUINE, ORIGINAL FAMILY BAND / BAMBI



Proctor's screened this Disney double-feature in July, 1968; THE ONE AND ONLY, GENUINE, ORIGINAL FAMILY BAND (1968) had an interesting cast, which included Richard Deacon, Goldie Hawn, and Butch Patrick; this was one of the many revivals for BAMBI (1942). Looks like the Schenectady theater closed for a day in respect to Fabian Theatres co-owner Samuel Rosen.

Wednesday, April 18, 2007

FACES


The Cinema Delaware screened Cassavetes' FACES in February, 1969.

Tuesday, April 17, 2007

EXODUS / JUNGLE CAT


In February, 1962 at the Colony in Schenectady you could see EXODUS (1960) and Disney's documentary JUNGLE CAT (1959).

Monday, April 16, 2007

EUGENIE...THE STORY OF HER JOURNEY INTO PERVERSION / BARQUERO


Jess Franco invaded Raleigh, NC's Center Drive-in back in May, 1971 with EUGENIE...THE STORY OF HER JOURNEY INTO PERVERSION (70); BARQUERO (1970) was a western starring Lee Van Cleef and Warren Oates.

Sunday, April 15, 2007

ERIKA'S HOT SUMMER / THE SECRET SEX LIVES OF ROMEO & JULIET


The Colony Art Theater in Schenectady (now the site of a used car lot) screened this sexploitation double-feature from Boxoffice International in January, 1971. ERIKA'S HOT SUMMER (1971) starred Erica Gavin and was directed by Gary Graver. THE SECRET SEX LIVES OF ROMEO & JULIET (1969) was directed by Bethel Buckalew.

Saturday, April 14, 2007

DR. GOLDFOOT & THE GIRL BOMBS / THE BIG TNT SHOW


This double-feature played Raleigh, NC's Center Drive-in back in January, 1967. Mario Bava directed the spy spoof DR. GOLDFOOT & THE GIRL BOMBS (1966); THE BIG TNT SHOW (1966) had some good performances and deserves a DVD release.

Friday, April 13, 2007

DOCTOR DOLITTLE / CARESSED


No, you couldn't see these two at the same time back in January, 1969 at Schenectady's Colony Theater, but you could take the kids to the matineee of DOCTOR DOLITTLE (1967), and skip out later to see CARESSED (1964), the Joseph Brenner title for SWEET SUBSTITUTE.

Thursday, April 12, 2007

TWISTED SEX VOL. 5

TWISTED SEX VOL. 5
1993?, 116m 40s
1. GIRLS WITHOUT ROOMS (Sweden: 1956, distributor unknown, but may have been Boxoffice International) US version of Flamman (VHS: Klubb Super 8 [Sweden]), aka The Flame, a story of prostitution, with a group girl fight at a dance.
2. THE SHAMELESS SEX (France/Italy: 1952, distributor unknown) US version of Wanda la peccatrice, melodrama with some mild sexual scenes, with Yvonne Sanson, Franck Villard, and Giuletta Masina; no known VHS or DVD release under either title.
3. BAD GIRLS DON’T CRY (France/Italy: 1959, Medallion Pictures, VHS: Globo [Brazil]) US version of La Notte brava (DVD: Mondo [R2 PAL]), written by Pier Paolo Pasolini from his novel; "wild, wicked, and wolloping with action"; passionate young people love and fight in 1930s Rome, with Elsa Martinelli, Lauren Terzieff, and Jean-Claude Brialy.
4. THE MOLESTERS (Switzerland: 1963, Aristocrat Films: 1964, VHS/DVD-R: Something Weird) US version of Sittlichkeitsverbrecher; a cornucopia of Freudian pathology: peeping toms, a homosexual on trial, sadistic whipping (Darlene Bennett in US inserts), a picnic panty snatcher, a cradle robber and underage pregnancy.
5. DEVIL’S GIRLS (Italy/West Germany: 1967, distributor unknown) US version of Das Rasthaus der grausamen Puppen (DVD: UIG Entertainment [Germany]), a women-in-prison drama with hot steam punishment, a brutal female warden, an escape, and bloody violence, all scored to a light mod soundtrack; with Joachim Teege, Erik Schumann, Jane Tilden, and Margaret Trooger.
6. EROTIC TOUCH OF HOT SKIN (France: 1964, Audobon Films, VHS: Video Dimensions, 10 Percent) US version of Max Pécas' La Baie du désir, with onstage stripteases (added for the US release by Radley Metzger), gorgeous nude women (like Fabienne Dali and Sophie Hardy), and beach frolicking.
7. VIOLATED LOVE (Argentina: 1963, CIP Ltd., VHS: Something Weird) US version of Emilio Vieyra's Testigo para un crimen, a drama with a shower scene, nude gyrating, a peeping tom, and strangulation.
8. THE FOURTH SEX (France: 1961, Audobon Films: 1962, VHS: First Run) US version of Le Quatrième Sex; not much lesbianism for a movie with this title, but Radley Metzger added a Roman orgy scene.
9. THE DIRTY GIRLS (1964, Audobon Films, VHS: First Run, DVD: Image) Early Radley Metzger with whipping, lesbianism, and masturbation; trailers makes it seem like a French fim.
10. DANIELLA BY NIGHT (France/West Germany: 1961, Audobon Films: 1962, VHS/DVD: First Run) US version of Max Pécas' glamorous drama Zarte Haut in schwarzer Seide, with Elke Sommer and Helmut Schmid.
11. VIBRATION (Sweden: 1968, Audobon Films, DVD: First Run) Margareta Sjödin frolicks on the beach in the nude in this quickly-cut trailer set to surf music.
12. THE FAST SET (France: 1957, Audobon Productions: 1961, VHS: Off Hollywood [France]) Promo title for Mademoiselle Strip-tease, aka THE NUDE SET (VHS/DVD: First Run), with Agnés Laurent and Philippe Nicaud in burlesque shows and fights.
13. THE NIGHT OF THE THREE LOVERS (France: 1967, distributor unknown) US version of Max Pécas' La Nuit la plus chaude, an intense-looking crime drama with Donna Michelle and Philippe Lemaire; in one scene a guy in a bear costume is stabbed by the woman he's rolling around on the floor with; no known VHS or DVD release.
14. THE TOUCHABLES (1961, Phoeton International Pictures, VHS/DVD-R: Something Weird) Cheap-looking gangster/nudie send-up with Claire Brennan, John Dennis, and Brad Logan.
15. PARADISIO (UK: 1961, Fanfare Films Inc., VIP Distributors: 1962, VHS: New World, Video Dimensions) Arthur Howard travels Europe with X-ray glasses in this 3-D nudie comedy.
16. ANOTHER DAY, ANOTHER MAN (1966, Jerand Film Distributors Inc., Sack Amusements, VHS/DVD: Something Weird) Classic goofy Doris Wishman trailer, with catfighting and theft set to crime jazz.
17. ON HER BED OF ROSES (1966, Famous Players Corp.) A sniper is on the loose in this Albert Zugsmith film; also with incest and nymphomania; unfortunately this one has yet to show up on tape or disc.
18. THE CURSE OF HER FLESH (1968, American Film Distributing Corp., VHS/DVD: Something Weird) Another dark and sleazy one from the Findlays, with whipping, lesbianism, and stripteases.
19. A TASTE OF FLESH (1967, Jerand Film Distributors Inc., VHS/DVD-R: Something Weird) Doris Wishman film with lesbian desire and murder.
20. MY BROTHER’S WIFE (1966, J.E.R. Pictures Inc., VHS/DVD: Something Weird) Doris Wishman film about a love triangle.
21. THIGH SPY (1967, Distribpix Inc., VHS: Something Weird) William K. Hennigar movie has a spy who goes around shooting guys and bedding women.
22. THE STREET IS MY BEAT (1966, Emerson Film Enterprises) Irvin Berwick/Jack Kevan prostitution drama with Shary Marshall, Annabelle Weenick, and John Harmon; would love to see it but there's been no video or disc release.
23. THE LOVE MERCHANT (1966, General Studios, VHS/DVD: Something Weird) Girls are bought and sold in Greenwich Village in this Joe Sarno movie, with Louis Waldon and Michael Alaimo.
24. LILA (1968, Boxoffice International Pictures) Longer version of MANTIS IN LACE (VHS: CIC [Canada], Go [Australia], World Beyond, VHS/DVD: Something Weird); color has faded to mostly back and white; "inhabits the psychedelic world of fruits and nuts."
25. KAMA SUTRA (West Germany: 1970; United Producers Releasing Organization) US version of Kamasutra--Vollendung der Liebe, where couples play spin the bottle and other antics; no known VHS or DVD release on this one.
26. DIAMOND BUST (196?, distributor unknown) Mystery necrophilia movie with full nudity; no tape or disc release.
27. DR. MASHER (1969, Cinex International Film Distributors, Freeway Films) Weird-looking softcore flick with full nudity, a naked pregnant woman, childbirth footage, body painting, and a bloody voodoo doll; with Lynn Harris; no tape or disc release.
28. MADAME O (Japan: 1967; Audobon Films: 1970) US version of Zoko akutokui: Joi-hen; a female doctor kills and cuts up the men who raped her; with childbirth footage; no known tape or disc issue, but Synapse Films is listing it as a future DVD release.
29. THE LOVE OBJECT (1967, Joseph Brenner Associates: 1969) Virgin rape, tighty whitey lovemaking, and sadism; with Kim Pope; no VHS or DVD release.
30. WHAM! BAM! THANK YOU, SPACEMAN! (1975, Boxoffice International Pictures, VHS/DVD: Something Weird) Dopey sex/sci-fi features an alien with a giant tongue.
31. THE ALTAR OF LUST (1971, distributor unknown, VHS/DVD-R: Something Weird) Soft X Roberta Findlay film with full male and female nudity, and lesbianism.
32. BELINDA (1972, Aquarius Releasing Inc.: 1975) Totally unknown, dark and greasy soft X rape film with Melinda Forrest; no known VHS or DVD release.
33. SWINGING HIGH (1970?, Cast Films) Soft X flick with hippie themes and a cover of "Does Anybody Know"; with Terry/Terri Juston, who looks a lot like Sharon Kelly; no tape or disc issue.
34. "Also"/"Starts Wednesday" cards
35. ROOM 11 (1970) With Terry/Terri Juston again, looks like the same production company; with wife-swapping, lesbianism, and a country theme song; no tape or disc issue.
36. "Prevues of Coming Attractions"/"Double Feature" cards
37. THE LECHER (197?) Narrator for this unknown soft X film repeats the dictionary definition of "lecher" over and over again; no known VHS or DVD release.
38. "Then" card
39. GIRLS ARE FOR LOVING (1973, Centaur, VHS/DVD: Monterey) Long trailer for the last Ginger film.
40. THE INCREDIBLE SEX REVOLUTION (1965, Famous Players Corp.) Another psychosexual Albert Zugsmith flick, with Alex D'Arcy; yet to be issued on tape or disc.
41. A SCREAM IN THE STREETS (1973, Boxoffice International Pictures, VHS: CNH, VRO [UK], VHS/DVD: Something Weird) Hard R crime drama with Sharon Kelly.
42. HITCH HIKE TO HELL (1967, Boxoffice International Pictures: 1970, VHS: DVS [UK], VRO [UK], VHS/DVD: Something Weird) Bent guy rapes and kills runaways; with Russell Johnson.
43. NAKED PARTY (196?) 9m44s short with three tan girls who shower then mix and match with a male visitor.
44. NUDES & NUTS (196?) 7m3s short features an artist who does some body painting.

DOWNHILL RACER


Michael Ritchie's DOWNHILL RACER (1969) played the Scotia Art Theatre in Scotia, NY (still around as the second-run Scotia Cinema) in January, 1970.

Wednesday, April 11, 2007

DON'T RAISE THE BRIDGE.../BERSERK!


This double-feature, featuring two UK productions starring American actors, played the Riverview and Mohawk Drive-ins back in July, 1968. DON'T RAISE THE BRIDGE, LOWER THE RIVER (1967) was directed by Jerry Paris; BERSERK! (1967, yet to make it to DVD) by Jim O'Connolly.

Tuesday, April 10, 2007

DOCTOR DOLITTLE


Albany's Hellman Theater featured the original DOCTOR DOLITTLE (1967) back in July, 1968.

Monday, April 09, 2007

Doc Circe


Comedian Doc Circe played the Delabar (now a Vietnamese restaurant) in Albany back in January, 1970. The Sounds of Music provided tunes.

Sunday, April 08, 2007

THE DEVIL'S BRIGADE / A FISTFUL OF DOLLARS


Ballston Lake's Super 50 Drive-in featured this double-bill in June, 1968. THE DEVIL'S BRIGADE (1968) was a manly WW2 flick with manly William Holden; Leone's A FISTFUL OF DOLLARS (1964) was revived for backup.

Saturday, April 07, 2007

THE DEVIL AT 4 O'CLOCK, etc.


The ever-reliable Turnpike Drive-in in Albany featured this bizarre triple-feature in chilly February, 1962. Sinatra starred in THE DEVIL AT 4 O'CLOCK (1961) with Spencer Tracy; EVERYTHING'S DUCKY (1961) was directed by Don Taylor; and of all the possibilites to end with, why the Swedish/West German doc Den Blodiga tiden, released in the US as MEIN KAMPF (1960)?

Friday, April 06, 2007

THE DETECTIVE / HOMBRE


Ballston Lake, NY's Super-50 Drive-in featured this manly double-bill in July, 1968. THE DETECTIVE (1968) was a Sinatra/Gordon Douglas crime thriller; HOMBRE (1967) was the classic Newman western.

Thursday, April 05, 2007

Denny and the Drifters


Back in March, 1970 the Klam Steam Tavern (still operating in Clifton Park, NY) hosted Denny and the Drifters, featuring (thee?) Dee Clark.

Wednesday, April 04, 2007

DARK OF THE SUN, etc.


Albany's Turnpike Drive-in hosted this MGM triple-feature in July, 1968. DARK OF THE SUN was the US title (and title of the source novel) for Jack Cardiff's UK actioner THE MERCENARIES (1968), yet to make DVD under either title; POINT BLANK (1967) was the innovative John Boorman crime thriller; DOCTOR, YOU'VE GOT TO BE KIDDING! (1967) was a comedy from director Peter Tewksbury, no DVD yet.

Tuesday, April 03, 2007

Night in the Middle East


Back in July, 1968 the Guard Room Lounge in Albany's Thruway Motor Inn put together this belly-dancing/stripping/go-go revue with Jemela Omar and the Danny Saphire Trio.

Monday, April 02, 2007

DANDY / 1000 PLANE RAID


That den of iniquity in Raleigh, the Center Drive-in, featured this double-bill in January, 1971. The IMDb lists DANDY (with John Alderman) as a 1972 General Film Corp. release, but this ad proves it was released at least a year earlier. 1000 PLANE RAID was actually titled THE THOUSAND PLANE RAID (1969), and directed by Boris Sagal. Neither film has yet to see a DVD release.

Friday, March 30, 2007

THE DAMNED


March, 1970 screening of Luchino Visconti's La Caduta degli dei (1969) at the Cinema Delaware, which is thriving today as the Spectrum, Albany's local art theatre (with eight screens).

Thursday, March 29, 2007

CORRUPTION / PAYMENT IN BLOOD


Proctor's Theatre in Schenectady screened this double-feature in January, 1969. CORRUPTION was a 1968 UK horror flick with Peter Cushing. PAYMENT IN BLOOD was Columbia Pictures' US title for the Italian western Sette winchester per un massacro (1968) with Edd Byrnes (!). Neither film has made the transition to legit DVD.

Wednesday, March 28, 2007

COP-OUT / JOHNNY YUMA


The State in Schenectady hosted this double-feature in January, 1968. COP-OUT was the Cinerama release of the British STRANGER IN THE HOUSE (1967); was released on VHS by Anchor Bay, but no DVD yet. JOHNNY YUMA (1967) was an Italian western directed by Romolo Guerrieri.

Tuesday, March 27, 2007

COME DANCE WITH ME / MA BARKER'S KILLER BROOD


The Turnpike Drive-in hosted this double feature way back in September, 1960. COME DANCE WITH ME was the US release of the French/Italian Voulez-vous danser avec moi? (1959). MA BARKER'S KILLER BROOD (1960) starred Lurene Tuttle.

Monday, March 26, 2007

CLASS OF '74 / BRUTE CORPS / BARBARELLA


Couple of General Film Corp releases plus the Vadim/Fonda classic in this triple-bill from May, 1972 that played the Turnpike Drive-in in Albany and the Latham Drive-in. CLASS OF '74 (1972) was the softcore sex film GABRIELLA (1970) with scenes added. CLASS OF '74 has never had an official release but is available from boot dealers, and GABRIELLA is on tape and DVD-R from Something Weird. BRUTE CORPS (1972) was an action flick with Alex Rocco and Michael Pataki. It's never had an official release to my knowedge, but can be had from the grey market. BARBARELLA (1968) is available on DVD (see link).

Sunday, March 25, 2007

CINDY & DONNA / I, A LOVER


This Crown International double feature played two theaters in January, 1971: The Colony Art in Schenectady, and the Oxford in North Troy, NY, the theater I first remember attending. CINDY & DONNA (1970) was a sexploitationer with Debbie Osborne. I, A LOVER was the US release for the Scandinavian Jag--en älskare (1966). Neither film has yet to see DVD.

Saturday, March 24, 2007

THE CHEERLEADERS / FRITZ THE CAT


January, 1974 double-feature at Studio I; not sure where that was. THE CHEERLEADERS (1973) is the delightfully wacky (and pretty damn sexy) softcore comedy. FRITZ THE CAT (1972) is the Ralph Bakshi adaptation of the Crumb character (which he hated).

Friday, March 23, 2007

CHANGE OF HEART, etc.


Another pair of strange triple-bills at the Tri-City Twin, from January, 1970. CHANGE OF HEART is most likely the 1969 Belgian film Le Témoin; THE HELLFIGHTERS (1968) was the John Wayne oil well firefighter movie; THE LOVE GOD is a 1969 Don Knotts comedy. THE BRIDGE AT REMAGEN (1969) was a WW2 film with George Segal and Robert Vaughn; IF IT'S TUESDAY, IT MUST BE BELGIUM is a mistitling of IF IT'S TUESDAY, THIS MUST BE BELGIUM (1969), with Suzanne Pleshette and Ian McShane; DEATH RIDES A HORSE is of course the Italian western Da uomo a uomo (1967), with Lee Van Cleef and John Phillip Law.


Thursday, March 22, 2007

IN SEARCH OF THE CASTAWAYS / RASCAL


The Mohawk Drive-in on Central Ave. between Albany and Schenectady hosted this Disney double-bill in March, 1970. Surprising 1962's IN SEARCH OF THE CASTAWAYS was still playing this late; RASCAL (1969) starred Steve Forrest and Billy Mumy.

Wednesday, March 21, 2007

CARNY GIRL / PRIVATE ARRANGEMENT


The Wak-Art in Zebulon, NC hosted this softcore double-bill in January, 1971. CARNY GIRL (1970), with Sharon Kent and Kim Pope, doesn't seem to have surfaced on home video; PRIVATE ARRANGEMENT (1970), with Uschi Digard, was released by Something Weird on VHS and DVD-R.

Tuesday, March 20, 2007

CARMEN, BABY


July, 1968 screening of Radley Metzger's CARMEN, BABY (1967) at the Colony in Schenectady.

Monday, March 19, 2007

BURY ME AN ANGEL / ANGELS DIE HARD / HELLS ANGELS


March, 1971 triple at the New Forest Drive-in. BURY ME AN ANGEL (1971) is the cheap biker flick featuring a three-person gang, ANGELS DIE HARD (1970) with William Smith is a pretty fun watch, and HELLS ANGELS is probably HELLS ANGELS '69 (69), with Jeremy Slate.

Sunday, March 18, 2007

BURN!


A January, 1971 screening at the State in Schenectady of BURN!, the US title for Gillo Pontecorvo's Queimada (1968).

Friday, March 16, 2007

BOOM! / JIGSAW


July, 1968 double-bill at the State in Schenectady. BOOM! (1968) is the British Joseph Losey film, and JIGSAW (1968) was originally planned as a TV movie but released to theaters by Universal. Neither film has received a DVD release as of yet.

Monday, March 12, 2007

THE BODY SHOP


The IMDb lists THE BODY SHOP (aka DOCTOR GORE) as having a 1973 release, but here's an ad for the Tryon Theater in Raleigh, NC that proves it was released in August, 1972. Director J.G. "Pat" Patterson was from the western part of the state.

Sunday, March 11, 2007

BLACK MAMA, WHITE MAMA, etc.


Down to two movies on each screen for this January, 1974 date at the Tri-City Twin. On the first: the women-in-prison drama BLACK MAMA, WHITE MAMA (1972) with Pam Grier and Margaret Markov, and the Fred Williamson classic BLACK CAESAR (1973). On the other screen: the sleazy Cheri Caffaro films GINGER (1971) and THE ABDUCTORS (1972).

Saturday, March 10, 2007

BATTLE OF BRITAIN, etc.


The Tri-City Twin Drive-in, in Menands, NY, was the drive-in I went to the most as a kid. Incredibly, for years, you had a choice of two new triple-bills every week. Some of the groupings were truly bizarre and inspired. This ad is from January, 1970 (January in Upstate NY is pretty goddamn cold). One screen hosted a trio of WWII films: the epic BATTLE OF BRITAIN (1969), HANNIBAL BROOKS (1969) with Oliver Reed and Michael J. Pollard, and GUNS OF THE MAGNIFICENT SEVEN (1969). The other screen featured the British comedy LOCK UP YOUR DAUGHTERS (1969), THANK YOU ALL VERY MUCH, the US retitling of the UK drama A TOUCH OF LOVE (1969), and the Arthur Dreifuss comedy FOR SINGLES ONLY (1968). The drive-in was torn down and a FedEx warehouse stands in its place.

Friday, March 09, 2007

BATTLE BENEATH THE EARTH / BLOOD BEAST FROM OUTER SPACE / CASTLE OF EVIL


Albany's Turnpike Drive-in hosted this triple bill in June, 1968. BATTLE BENEATH THE EARTH (1967) is the British sci-fi film about a Chinese invasion of the US via tunnels; BLOOD BEAST FROM OUTER SPACE is the US title for the British THE NIGHT CALLER (1965); the low-budget CASTLE OF EVIL (1966) filled out the night.

Thursday, March 08, 2007

BANDOLERO! / WARKILL


June, 1968 double-bill at the State in Schenectady. BANDOLERO! (1968) is the Jimmy Stewart/Dean Martin/Raquel Welch western, while the US/Filipino co-production WARKILL (1968) doesn't seem to have gotten even a VHS release, though it's available on the grey market.

Sunday, March 04, 2007

BACCHANALE / TURNED ON GIRL


The Cinema Art was Troy, NY's long-time art-theatre-turned-adult joint; sometime in the '80s it stopped showing film and became a video booth/store. It stayed that way until about a year or two ago, when the mayor decided he didn't like the place and tore down the historic marquee. It remains closed. This Distribpix double-bill is from January, 1972. BACCHANALE (1970) is from the Amero brothers, and was released on VHS by Alpha Blue and other grey market dealers. TURNED ON GIRL (1970) has yet to show up on VHS or DVD.